Scientists believe the Earth became tilted about 23.5° very
Scientists believe the Earth became tilted about 23.5° very early in its history — roughly 4.5 billion years ago.
The most accepted theory says that a Mars-sized object, often called Theia, collided with the young Earth. This giant impact likely:
* tilted Earth’s axis,
* helped form the Moon,
* and changed Earth’s rotation.
Earth’s tilt is not always exactly 23.5°. It slowly changes between about 22.1° and 24.5° over thousands of years due to gravitational effects from the Moon and other planets. Today, the tilt is about 23.44°.
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