Software controls a robot like a brain—it decides what to do
Software controls a robot like a brain—it decides what to do, when to do it, and how to do it.
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🤖 1. Main parts of a robot
A robot usually has:
• Controller (brain) → like a Microcontroller (Arduino, Raspberry Pi)
• Sensors → to detect things (camera, distance sensor)
• Actuators → to perform actions (motors, wheels, robotic arms)
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🧠 2. What does software do?
Software is a program that runs inside the controller.
👉 Its job is to:
• Take input from sensors
• Process and understand the data
• Make decisions
• Send commands to motors or other parts
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🔄 3. How the process works
Step-by-step:
1. Sensors give input
→ e.g., an obstacle is detected
2. Software processes it
→ decides: stop or turn
3. Controller sends signals
→ to motors
4. Robot takes action
→ turns or stops
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⚙️ Example
👉 Line-following robot:
• Sensor detects the line
• Software decides direction
• Motors adjust movement
👉 Self-driving robot:
• Camera sees the road
• Software analyzes
• Robot moves accordingly
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⚡ Is a relay needed?
• For high-power devices → relay or motor driver may be used
• For small robots → usually only motor drivers are enough
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✔️ Simple idea:
👉 Software = brain
👉 Sensors = eyes/ears
👉 Motors = hands/legs
👉 Software decides, the robot acts
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